Significance of the Black Death - Free Essay Example

One of the well known massive disasters that happened in the history of European is the Black Death. This fatal plague led to huge loss of between 17 million and 28 million lives in whole Europe. It took place from 1345 to 1353 and the death arrived by sea during the time when twelve Genoese trading ships had actually docked at the Sicilian port after travelling through the Black Sea. A horrifying surprise befell the individuals who were gathering on the docks when they realized that a great number of sailors had died, and the lucky sailors were extremely ill. In addition, they were covered by mysterious black boils which oozed pus and blood (Cohn, pg 514). This is why they named this kind of illness as theBlack Death. Then what followed were other various symptoms such as vomiting, fever, diarrhea, chills, severe aches and extraordinary pains- and then death. What is the significance of Black Death to the Italy, Russia and the entire Europe? This gravely illness had great impacts. In fact, the gruesome signs and deadliness, have over time fixed the Black Death in very extraordinary imagination among many people. Over decades scholars has discovered various impacts of the disease on the economy, social and cultural lives of the natives of the affected areas. It is clear that the Black Death is important to the Europeans because it changed their economy to better. This essay analyzes the Black Death and also illustrated the significance of the plague. The Black Death is very significant to the Europeans in that its timing led a superficial labeling because it was the turning point for many natives of Europe. The plague portrayed an economic history of Europeans changing to almost inevitable because the urban life had reemerged, manufacturing and textile companies as well as better businesses innovated, increased population, long distance trade revived and agricultural farming grew. This is from the fact that the disease had arrived nearly at high middle Ages (c. 1000 to c. 1300). The impact of the Black Death on trade can be said to be full due though it strengthens the variety of the effect of the plague from industry to industry, merchant to merchant as well as from city to another. It portrays that failure or success was likely to happen after the illness and the game favored, opportunity, adaptability, foresight, nimbleness and creativity. This is proved by the fact that when magna pestilence had already passed, the entire city continued with supply of labor more decimated than in countryside, simply because of the great number of rate of urban death (Gottfried et. al, pg 817). However, the city could attract new labor from country side so as to make sure that they reverse the initial condition. Now in the new era portrayed by Black Death, the business techniques and new valuable judgments are perfected by many in Italy. They found great opportunities within the diversity and actually made use of the chance and became successful. They learn that a success ful businessman need to manage and control risks, and make use of the any opportunity that comes on their way. The Plague of the Black Death has led to great contribution to popular revolution. In fact, it is clear that it led to expansion of the perspectives of the many peasants in Europe. In addition, it also fueled some sense of criticism hence leading to great changes in the society. However, probably in one way or the other, this plague may have undercut the level of devotion. This is because there was a certain myth that preserving manorial economic-social arrangements was very vital to living of everyone in the entire society. That is why we see social revolutionary of preachers such as John Ball of England. However, after the disease, change seemed to become inevitable as well as apparent to everybody (Benedictow, pg 923). The reconstructuring influenced by Black Death portrays that the chances and possibility of better economies in many parts of Europe such as Italy. The fatal disease had returned to Europe and destroyed individuals but not property. Moreover, there was just a small population left alive which could not actually exploit all the resources in the Europe. The statistics record that the available resources were by then far more substantial by an approximately 1354 than they were in the last one and half decades. From this kind of surrounding, many of those who were lucky enough to survive also benefited greatly from the improved technologies and also new advanced commercial skills which had developed during high Middle Ages. This improved their living standards. In one way or the other, we can conclude that Black Death was just a mere cataclysmic occurrence and also lowering of expenditure was inevitable indeed. But it greatly reduced economic impediments and gave room for new opportuniti es for many people in Europe- especially the businesspeople (Nohl et. al, pg 1342). In conclusion, the plague of the Black Death is very important to the history of the Europeans. Despite the very many new ways of understanding its significance and its wonders, the plague shows some effects or impact on the social, economic and political lives of the people in the society. Now that many people did not understand this kind of disease, many though it was a punishment from God for their sins such as heresy, greed, fornication and worldliness, they believed that the only way to overcome Gods Wrath was through repentance. Hence the Europeans society learnt the importance of doing the right things. Work cited Benedictow, Ole Jrgen.? The Black Death: the complete history. Boydell Brewer, 2004. Cohn, Sam.? The Black Death transformed: disease and culture in early Renaissance Europe. Arnold, 2002. Gottfried, Robert S.? Black death. Simon and Schuster, 2010. Nohl, Johannes, and Charles Humphrey Clarke. The Black Death. A Chronicle of the Plague.? The Black Death. A Chronicle of the Plague.? (2000).

What You Need to Know About Samples of Essay on Korean War

<h1>What You Need to Know About Samples of Essay on Korean War </h1> <h2>The Most Popular Samples of Essay on Korean War </h2> <p>As expressed by the ongoing surveys, most South Koreans are not slanted to rejoin with their north siblings because of exacting arrangements executed there, a few limitations along with overbearing system. Having no obvious arrangement for Korea or information on the current circumstance in the country notwithstanding having no unmistakable methods and coordinations inside Korea, the Americans were made to offer to isolate Korea all together not to allow the Soviets to involve the whole country. To begin, Korea was not to be a major bit of the Soviet Communist extension program. Despite what might be expected, South Korea safeguarded the majority rule model that brought about the development of the country and its monetary development. </p> <p>It is accepted to be among the best and brave military tasks in ongoing decades. The pioneer of North Korea notwithstanding his defenders abuses the significant human privileges of the individuals on a standard premise. Power was viewed as the best solution for issues. </p> <h2> Things You Won't Like About Samples of Essay on Korean War and Things You Will</h2> <p>The five passage exposition way is regularly utilized along with the five section papers is the perfect organization to utilize if composing a scholastic article. Indeed, even the hardest papers are effortlessly composed by our scholars. The paper is amazingly enlightening and allows the peruser to get a handle on the basic features of the contention and comprehend its pith. In case you're startled of composing an awful top notch paper, you can leave from your task to us. </p> <p>You will get your paper in time, as our authors consistently stick to the cutoff times. Moreover, this work wasn't hurried as it took him somewhere in the range of fifteen years to explore and compose. Interests which exist in every individual show which makes the crowd consistently need to watch and watch for the continuation of the scene. Work your way by methods for an understanding rundown. </p> <h2>Where to Find Samples of Essay on Korean War </h2> <p>Rest guaranteed that by the finish of the accompanying article, you will be well prepared to deal with any school exposition! There's so much that one may gain from history. Be that as it may, don't written falsification the story. </p> <p>If you need to get an exploration paper on this or another subject, don't spare a moment to address QualityCustomEssays.com. Before you jump into an exploration point, it's fundamental that you get to know some of the accompanying counsel. Luckily in this useful article, we're probably going to give you a ton of themes for you to choose from. Just investigate and see whether there are any exploration themes in brain research for understudies which you would find helpful. </p> <p>Therefore, one needs to reconsider whether the contention must be begun as war isn't the most ideal approach to work. The assault was viewed as an infringement of worldwide harmony by the Security Council. In spite of the fact that the two are incredibly unique with respect to the war zone conditions, the political result was practically indistinguishable. It's the biggest measure of death of a solitary nation in a history. </p> <p>These days, the tyranny of Kim Jong-un is bel ieved to be among the worthiest systems on earth. Set forth plainly, Korean War has propelled doubt of each other. It was an alternate kind of war from multiple points of view. It become one technique to present Korea in a roundabout way. </p> <p>Write the most significant fundamental things that occurred at every course of events in your manner. The following are 150 thoughts in most of famous controls to pick from. There were loads of clashing components in the manner that individuals related in the United States. You should cover the most basic subject which you think about every timetable. </p> <p>This allowed ladies a chance to find their capacity in the general public other than that which they accepted (minor jobs, rather than others left for men). See whether any are speaking to you. In this manner, the crowd will be in a situation to assume that job is played by methods for an on-screen character like reality. </p> <p>The commitment of the USA in the 2 wars achieved blended results. Korea and Vietnam had comparable beginnings so far as upheavals are included. South Korea among the most secure countries on the planet. Examine the techniques by which the Vietnam War uplifted social, political, and monetary strains in america. </p> <p>In expansion, he refers to the capacity of the commitment of the United Nations and the USA during the war. West Berlin a budgetary supernatural occurrence. There are heaps of approaches to portray North Korea. It has become a war zone among Russia and the United States. </p>

Writing Research Papers on Abortion

Writing Research Papers on AbortionResearch papers on abortion are usually written by those who are either pro-choice or pro-life. But one doesn't need to be pro-choice or pro-life to write a good paper about the topic. So if you are considering writing research papers on abortion, you will have more control of your outcome by knowing what kind of approach is right for you.In the pro-choice papers, the focus should be on how individuals cope with feelings of sadness and guilt after having an abortion. The key in writing this type of paper is to give voice to those who might not be heard in the usual research papers. And so you should be sure that you research the experiences of the other people.In the pro-choice papers, you will need to explain some of the reasons for the decision to have an abortion and why it was a good one. You should also be able to convey the emotions of the other participants. This is not a difficult task, if you are clear about what you want to say and how you want to say it.The way in which you read from the script is also very important in this type of paper. In order to do this well, you should first learn about how the other participants read from the script. Most likely, you will need to be clear about what you want to say. Then you can start reading from the script using the words and phrases you have picked up from the research papers.It may take some time to learn about the whole process of the writing process. But when you do, you will find that writing a research paper is not a problem at all. If you can use a typewriter, you can use the speech recognition function on your computer.When writing are choice paper, you should be willing to re-write the script when you are still not clear about what you want to say. This way, you will be able to get the best of both worlds: clarity in your writing and being able to revise your paper when necessary. Of course, when you are clear about what you want to say, you will have a chance to refine and polish your writing before submitting it to a journal or even a college or university.When you are writing research papers on abortion, you will find it easier to get the results you are looking for. What will make it even easier is if you are clear about what you want to say and are prepared to change your script as soon as you think you might have made a mistake. In this way, you will be writing based on the kind of emotions that you are experiencing.But it is important that you are clear about the goals and objectives of the paper. It might be helpful to write down some objectives, or what you would like to say. And when you are clear about this, you will be able to write your research papers on abortion effectively.

Argumentative Essay Topics About Instagram

<h1>Argumentative Essay Topics About Instagram</h1><p>There are numerous pugnacious exposition points about Instagram, yet it is imperative to separate them from papers on mainstream society. This will enable you to know when you have to put to a greater extent an emphasis on what you expound on, and when you ought to do the opposite.</p><p></p><p>By definition, factious exposition points about Instagram are about how Instagram is dubious or what number of individuals are grumbling about specific things. These points will show up with the photos and recordings that you take, and as a rule the attention will be on the cynicism of the pattern. Individuals will differ about how terrible it is, and they will have various conclusions on the most proficient method to fix it. If you somehow happened to compose an exposition with these themes as your point, you may stall out on a few focuses or discussion the point to death.</p><p></p& gt;<p>Writing a paper about something as disputable as the Instagram pattern could be dangerous for certain authors, particularly in the event that they don't have a great deal of introduction to the subject. They might be worried about the possibility that that their composing is going to appear to be a gutless assessment, however it isn't. They basically should be aware of the way that they have to expound on the issues and not the pessimism. Their feelings will be reflected in the nature of their composition, and this is the main way they are going to profit by composing on a pugnacious exposition theme about Instagram.</p><p></p><p>Another advantage of composing a paper on contentious article subjects about Instagram is that you can utilize it to push back against different assessments and discussions that might be going on in the web space. You may likewise need to be set up for others to scam you and hear your legit point of view out there. By com posing a paper about this point, you will have the option to get some consideration for your thoughts.</p><p></p><p>The next advantage is that you might have the option to sell your item through composing an article this way. You may likewise have the option to stay aware of updates and think of another thought for an item. You may even need to incorporate an appealing title for your item, and a decent bit of duplicate. You may likewise need to investigate what others are stating about this item and inquire as to whether you can post it on your blog or website.</p><p></p><p>The last advantage is that expounding on Instagram will empower you to interface with individuals on an individual level. Individuals like to perceive how individuals are associating with one another, and by composing an exposition about Instagram, you will have the option to show that you care about the assessments of others. At the point when individuals discover that you give it a second thought, they will follow your lead and perceive how your thoughts and conclusion can change their lives.</p><p></p><p>When composing an exposition on pugnacious paper themes about Instagram, you will need to concentrate on why individuals should think about the subject. Concentrate on being a backer for the item, and not taking sides.</p>

The Rise of Essay Samples for Wpe

<h1> The Rise of Essay Samples for Wpe </h1> <p>Elementary school is where the premise of things to come begins. A perfect Why article will exhibit your ability and enthusiasm of the school goes far past the surface. Time at secondary school is effectively joined with high-class relaxation, you simply need to set the best possible needs. Being a primary teacher is perfect for an individual who appreciates instructing and finding out about different subjects, and who doesn't have to feel restricted by showing just 1 subject. </p> <p>It is basic to figure out how to cherish learning. Moreover, with grade school kids, you require extraordinary class control capacities. The understudy comprehended why he wished to visit this school. Your understudies may visit an outstanding educator for workmanship, PCs, and language, yet else you're liable for their entire educational plan. </p> <p>You may utilize the examples as an establishment for turning out how to write in the appropriate style. In the event that you appreciate kids, primary school is a decent spot to collaborate with them. On the off chance that you will make any kind of composed models, you need to guarantee individuals are very much aware on where to utilize them, how to utilize them, and why it's vital for them to allude to the model which you have made. Regardless of whether you didn't see improvement that unmistakable school day, you despite everything satisfied your calling to acquire a distinction in an adolescent's life. </p& gt; <p>A hyperlink to the complete perusing set will be sent to you by email when you register. There's an indented long statement inside this section. Thirdly, you have to guarantee the legitimacy of composing. Make certain to respond to all bits of the subject. </p> <p>Moreover, our English-talking journalists ensure each request has unique substance and a suitable structure. Among the instances of records that are important to be distinctly composed is a report. On this site, understudies may cover the GPE utilizing a major Mastercard or electronic check. Start by using straightforward words. </p> <p>I've found that craftsmanship doesn't have any limits, and that there's no better technique to catch the symbolism I make in my mind. Craftsmanship causes me to understand that there's a reason for everyone. Over the long haul, it was workmanship that permitted me to develop as a person. Give models and proof to back up your thoughts. </p> <p>The end proposes your customer should make more move. Comprehensively, if these mistakes don't meddle with your peruser's capacity to fathom what it is that you're stating, this classification shouldn't be an issue. Check with the undertaking notice to help you decide the goal of letter. </p> <h2> What to Expect From Essay Samples for Wpe? </h2> <p>It's just ordinary to be on edge about recruiting an on-line exposition author since you can not ever be certain whether you are utilizing the ideal help or not. At the point when you are mentioned to create an exposition, endeavor to find a few examples (models) of comparable composition and figure out how to watch the art of the essayist. Composing a secondary school exposition on the off chance that you have the tips about how to do article successfully. In case you're to truly pick up from model articles, you should see how to peruse the strategies of the essayist'. </p> <p>First and preeminent it's basic to be sure that you grasp the article question completely and your exposition answers each piece of the inquiry enough. Having great article models gives the peruser a top to bottom and on-the-court thought regarding what a very much organized and cognizant paper seems like. Another kind of I.D. could be mentioned of any examinee. This segment contains two instances of fabulous school essays.</p> <p>High school articles are organized correspondingly regardless of the theme and phenomenal exposition structure will permit you to make a reasonable paper that streams from 1 passage to the following. This gives you an edge from your cohorts. To create effective school papers, you should choose this issue. By doing that the understudy remains consistent with the absolute first passage in offering a perfectly clear course all through the entire essay.</p>

Essay on Search for Perfection in Toni Morrisons The...

Search for a Perfection in The Bluest Eye The concept of physical beauty and desire to conform to a prescribed definition of what is considered beautiful can destroy a persons life. In Toni Morrisons novel, The Bluest Eye, many characters are obsessed with attaining the idealist definition of what is considered beautiful. The characters of Geraldine, Pauline, and Pecola all believe that physical perfection leads to acceptance; however, it is the same belief that causes their personal downfalls and prevents them from recognizing their own inner beauty. Geraldines anxieties over wanting to comply with what others think is beautiful, damage her existence. For example, the character of Geraldine is so consumed with physical†¦show more content†¦She thinks his appearance is more important than her affection because she also wants to have a family that looks white. Geraldine thinks brushing her sons hair and oiling his skin will help to make his black features vanish. Geraldines concern and obsession over what is regarded by others as beautiful demolish her life. The character of Pauline tries so desperately to fit into societys typecast of beauty that she loses the ability to love herself for who she is as well as her ability to appreciate what she does have. For example, when Pauline is made to feel inferior by other black women, Morrison emphasizes, Pauline felt uncomfortable with the few black women she met. They were amused by her because she didnt straighten her hair. When she tried to make up her face as they did, it came off rather badly. Their goading glances and private snickers at her way of talking... and dressing developed in her desire for new clothes (Morrison 118). Pauline is aggravated because of her physical appearance. She feels ugly and wants to fit in with societys women. She tries fitting into what is thought by those around her to be the ideal characterization of beauty instead of accepting herself for whom she is. Pauline Breedloves insecurities only deepen as a result of her attempts to look a certain way. In ad dition, when Morrison explains how Pauline would rather be around nice things at work than at her ownShow MoreRelatedRacism in Toni Morrisons The Bluest Eye Essay1955 Words   |  8 Pagesequal.† In fact, Americans are praised for the so-called equality they possess. However, renowned author Toni Morrison sheds light on the sheltered and unspoken truth that everyone—to some extent—is racist. â€Å"Home† is a reflective essay in which Morrison explains that her triumphs against racist ideologies are evident throughout her various novels (â€Å"Home† 3). In Morrison’s first novel,  The Bluest Eye, instead of establishing a home where race does not matter—a home which she dreams of in her essay—sheRead MoreAnalysis Of The Great Gatsby And Morrison s The Bluest Eye 1874 Words   |  8 Pageswho know how to find it—the Emersonian genius, present in Ayn Rand’s Anthem, is by far more prone to salvation than that of t he coexisting counterpart who will reach an inevitable self-damnation, found in Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby and Morrison’s The Bluest Eye. Those who focus not on the method of acceptance into society but rather upon the idealism of the importance of solitude are capable of invention—â€Å"for only the individual can produce new ideas† (Isaacson 33). Prometheus, from Ayn Rand’s

Corporate Social Reasonability Governance value Creation

Question: Describe about the Corporate Social Reasonability for Governance value Creation. Answer: Introduction In this assignment, issues related with Corporate Social Reasonability and corporate governance has been discussed. At first, the comparison between the 2014 and 2015 reports for the company Wesfamers has been provided in relation to GRI G4 standard. Then the same has been done for Fuji Xerox Company. Some recommendations have provided for these companies in order to improve their CSR. Part A: MEMO TO: GENERAL MANAGER FROM: ASSISTANT MANAGER Date: 18th October 2016 Subject: Corporate governance and social responsibility issues affecting business decision making of Wesfamers Aebi, Sabato and Schmid (2012) stated that, Corporate Social Reasonability (CSR) can help to promote a revelation of business responsibility to a large range of investors, shareholders as well as stakeholders. The major areas that the company needs to be concern are such as environmental protection, wellbeing of workers and local community. It has been found that there are six major issues related corporate governance and social responsibility that can affect business decision of a company. They are such as: Role of government Chen et al (2012) stated that, in previous time, the government mainly relies on regulation and legislation to deal with environmental as well as social issues in the sector of business. However due to shrinkage of resources and due to distrust of regulations that leads companies to voluntary and non-regulatory initiatives instead. Demand of better disclosure Due to the growing demand for corporate disclosure from suppliers, stakeholders, communities and employees and activist organization, companies have to take initiatives to improve CSR and sustainable development (Bushee, Carter Gerakos 2013). Increasing interest of customers Liu and McConnell (2013) mentioned that, companies ethical conduct is now having significant impact on the customers purchasing decision. From a survey analysis, it has been found that 20% of the customers reward or punish companies depending on the perceived social performance (Hermalin Weisbach, 2012). Deal with investors pressure Nini, Smith and Sufi (2012) mentioned that presently investors are changing their methods to assess the performance of companies. They take decisions depending on various criteria that include ethical concerns. From a survey analysis it has been found that 25% of the investors all over the world take care of the ethical considerations while buying and selling stocks of a company (Claessens Yurtoglu 2013). For this reason, a company needs to invest more on corporate social responsibility. Competitive labor market Westphal and Zajac (2013) opined that, at present days employees are increasing looking beyond benefits and paychecks. They also look forward to have employee friendly working environment. Hence, all companies have to make sure that they are able to provide employee friendly working environment, so as to recruit and retain talented and skilled employees. Relationship with suppliers It has been found that stakeholders are becoming more interested towards corporate affairs. Erkens et al (2012) stated that stakeholders always try to ensure that their partners work in environmentally responsible manner. Improved sustainability performance Aspects Sub-group 2014 2015 Economic Wesfamers is the leading metallurgical coal producer. It is also the leading supplier of thermal coal for domestic power generation (Wesfarmers 2016). The company operates the Curragh coal mine near the Blackwater in Queenlands Bowen Basin. In addition the company has 40% share in the Bengalla mine in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales in the year of 2014 (Wesfarmers 2016). There are more than 588 employee works in the company including 547 workers in the Curragh mine. The company had produced more than 12 million tonnes of coal in the year of 2014 and exported in various parts of Asia, South America and Europe (Wesfarmers 2016). In the year of 2014 the total revenue of the company was $1,544 million (Wesfarmers 2016). Wesfamers is still the leading metallurgical coal producer. It is still also the leading supplier of thermal coal for domestic power generation (Wesfarmers 2016). The company still operates the Curragh coal mine near the Blackwater in Queenlands Bowen Basin. In addition the company still has 40% share in the Bengalla mine in the Hunter Valley of New South Wales in the year of 2015 (Wesfarmers 2016). There is more than 517 employees work in the company including 476 workers in the Curragh mine. The company had produced more than 12.25 million tonnes of coal in the year of 2015 and exported in various parts of Asia, South America and Europe (Wesfarmers 2016). In the year of 2014 the total revenue of the company is $1.37 billion (Wesfarmers 2016). Environmental It has been found that emissions from the business operation of Wesfamers include railing of cola. It has the potential to affect different stakeholders of the organization. for this reason, the company has taken various efforts to minimize the level of emission throughout different aspects of business operation. In the year of 2012, the company has developed a multi-disciplinary Greenhouse Gas Emissions In the year of 2014, the company has produced 569 Tonnes of CO2 (Wesfarmers 2016). Energy usage In the year of 2015, the company has consumed 4.59 Petajoules of energy (Wesfarmers 2016). Water Consumption The company has consumed 8148 Megalitres of water in the year of 2014. In order to take care of the community concerns related with coal dust, the company along with its rail partner Aurizon has implemented a new technology. The company has applied non-toxic biodegradable veneer to all the coals after loading. The company has developed veneering station near the Curragh train load out facility. It reduces the emission of coal dust that cause nuisance for the neighbors and the community during the time of rail transportation. It makes sure that the company has complied with the Queensland Governments Coal Dust Management Plan. It provides recommendation to the company for appropriate management of dusts throughout Central Queensland rail network (Wesfarmers 2016). Greenhouse Gas Emissions In the year of 2015, The Greenhouse gas emission has been increased. The company has produced 869 Tonnes of CO2 (Wesfarmers 2016). Energy usage The energy consumption rate has been increased during 2015. In the year of 2015, the company has consumed 5.11 Petajoules of energy (Wesfarmers 2016). Water Consumption The company has reduced water consumption compare to the year of 2014. The company has consumed 7,086 Megalitres of water in the year of 2015. Social Labor practices In the year of 2014, the company has 588 workers across three sites (Wesfarmers 2016). The company has a labor union that represents on-site Curragh mine employees. In the year of 2014 the safety performance of the company was 5.00 TRIFR (Total recoverable Injury Frequency Rate). In the year of 2015, the company has 517 workers across three sites (Wesfarmers 2016). The company has a labor union that represents on-site Curragh mine employees. It has been found that safety is the highest priority of the company. In the year of 2015, the company able to reduce 66% in the total recordable injury frequency rate (Wesfarmers 2016). In the year of 2014 the safety performance of the company was 5.00 TRIFR, while in the year of 2015 the safety performance of the company was 4.20 TRIFR (Wesfarmers 2016). Human rights The company is highly focused on reducing rate of injury, lost time in injury. The company has developed an onsite emergency response team (ERT) to take care of growth and development of all employees of the company (Wesfarmers 2016). Taking care of the injury frequency rate also helps the company to reduce the workers compensation claims. Total recoverable Injury Frequency Rate It is 5.0 in the year of 2014 compared to 14.8 in the year of 2013 (Wesfarmers 2016). Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate Workers It is 0.6 in the year of 2014 compared to 1.9 in the year of 2013 (Wesfarmers 2016). compensation claims ($ millions) It is 13 in the year of 2014 compared to 26 in the year of 2013 (Wesfarmers 2016). The company understands that mining operations pose intrinsic risks to the health, safety and wellbeing of the workers. For this reason, the company has started to invest in safety and control program to develop positive and healthy workplace for employees (Wesfarmers 2016). The company is highly focused on reducing rate of injury, lost time in injury. The company has developed an onsite emergency response team (ERT) to take care of growth and development of all employees of the company (Wesfarmers 2016). Taking care of the injury frequency rate also helps the company to reduce the workers compensation claims. Total recoverable Injury Frequency Rate It is 4.2 in the year of 2015 compared to 5.0 in the year of 2014 (Wesfarmers 2016). Lost Time Injury Frequency Rate Workers It is 0.3 in the year of 2015 compared to 0.6 in the year of 2014 (Wesfarmers 2016). compensation claims ($ millions) It is 11 in the year of 2015 compared to 13 in the year of 2014 (Wesfarmers 2016). Aboriginal and Torres strait islander employees The company has also started increase their focus on retaining aboriginal employees in the organization. It has been found from the company report that in the year of 2013, there were 22 aboriginal employees work for the company (Wesfarmers 2016). However in the year of 2014, it was reduced to 18. In the year of 2015, the company started to increase its focus on welfare of aboriginal employees in order to retain them. Wintoki et al (2012) stated that retaining employees from different cultures can help to increase diversity at workplace. In the year of 2015, there were 20 aboriginal employees work in the company (Wesfarmers 2016). Society Customers: Domestic power generators and large export steel manufacturers are the major customers of the company. Contractors: Most of the major Australian Contracting firms that provide service to the company Suppliers: International, national and local suppliers are included in the list. Business partners: Organizations that the company does business with like port and rail operators. Government and the regulatory authorities: Selected representatives from state, local and international level. Local community: People live in the local community of Curragh mine Neighbors: Landowners whose properties and lands are situated in the close proximity to the Curragh mine. Media: National, state and local media of Australia that includes television, print and social media. Interest groups: Non-profit groups that have the interest to cover the social and environmental issues faced by the organization. Community contribution ($ million): It has been found that the community contribution of the company is declining rapidly. In the year of 2013, the total contribution of the company is 0.30$ million (direct investment is 0.24 and indirect investment is 0.06). While in the year of 2014, total investment is 0.24 (direct investment is 0.24 and investment 0) Customers: Domestic power generators and large export steel manufacturers are the major customers of the company. Contractors: Most of the major Australian Contracting firms that provide service to the company Suppliers: International, national and local suppliers are included in the list. Business partners: Organizations that the company does business with like port and rail operators. Government and the regulatory authorities: Selected representatives from state, local and international level. Local community: People live in the local community of Curragh mine Neighbors: Landowners whose properties and lands are situated in the close proximity to the Curragh mine. Media: National, state and local media of Australia that includes television, print and social media. Interest groups: Non-profit groups that have the interest to cover the social and environmental issues faced by the organization. Community contribution ($ million): In the year of 2014, the total contribution of the company is 0.24$ million (direct investment is 0.24 and indirect investment is 0). While in the year of 2015, total investment is 0.12 (direct investment is 0.12 and investment 0) (Wesfarmers 2016). Product responsibility Waste development (Tonnes) Disposed: 581 Recycled: 2505 Waste development (Tonnes) Disposed: 1058 Recycled: 2521 This comparison of the report has been developed depending on the core data provided for the Wesfarmers Limited Sustainability Report. It has been fund that Wesfarmers is the company that strongly believes to deliver satisfactory return for its shareholders. The company does not only focus on improving financial performance. It also focuses on five key sustainability aspects. They are such as people, energy consumption, carbon emission, economic contribution, governance, community support and economic contribution (Acharya et al 2013). It has been found that this approach is consistently related with the Government Reporting Initiative (GRI). As McCahery (2016) stated that GRI encourages companies to focus on matters, which are critical to both business and stakeholders. In accordance to the GRI G4 standard, the company is trying to focus material issues as well. After analyzing the report, it has been found that the major target of this report is the different stakeholders. With the help of this report, the company wants to show all the shareholders how it is trying to improve sustainability. Part B: Fuji Xerox Comparison Different guidelines Guide lines used in 2014 report (UN Global Compact guidelines) 1. Transformation of business The company has defined, communicated and executed its strategy to ensure business viability and to transform the company business model. The company has communicated its strategy to stakeholders to build their confidence for the company (Fujixerox 2016). 2. Concentrating on what matters most The company has to develop better level of service and sustainable solution that are relevant for the customers. Due to increased economic pressure, the company has to focus on financial sustainability (Fujixerox 2016). 3. Procuring responsibility The company Fuji Xerox Australia has to focus on responsible, sustainable and ethical approach to procurement. The company needs to develop sound labor practices and has to take care of the health and safety of employees. 4. Retaining talented people The company has to develop appropriate strategy in order to attract talented and skilled employees. Denis (2016) stated that, it will enable a company to mange current organizational change in appropriate manner. 5. Cultural harmony The company has to foster the culture of mutual respect, diversity and anti-bullying behaviour. The diversity and anti-bullying has to be reduced in accordance to government guidelines. Guide lines used in 2015 report (UN Global Compact guidelines) Human rights 1. An organization has to respect as well as support the international human rights protection 2. The company has to ensure that they do not get involved with any abuse related with human rights (Fujixerox 2016). Labors 3. A business has to uphold the freedom of association. It also has to recognize the collective bargaining right in an effective manner. 4. The company also need to eliminate all types of compulsory and forced labor 5. The company also need to eliminate all types of forced and Child labor 6. Elimination any type of discrimination related with employment (Fujixerox 2016) Environment 7. The organization needs to prop up ant deterrent move toward the environmental challenge 8. The company must has to undertake initiatives that can promote environmental responsibilities 9. The company needs to encourage diffusion of environmental friendly technologies (Fujixerox 2016) Anti-corruption 10. The company needs to work against any types of corruptions like bribery and extortion. Different influences 2014 report (Australia) The company always tries to develop an open, respectful and safe working environment that both diverse and flexible (Fujixerox 2016). It also provides the opportunity for both personal and professional growth. There are various Australian associations that have influenced this report. They are such as Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) organizational stakeholder, Australian and New Zealand Recycling Platform signatory with board, United Way Australia (UW) partnership and Australia-Israel Chamber of Commerce (Fujixerox 2016). For this reason, the company has developed four major values. They are such as: Customer first: The company Fuji Xerox wants to be successful through satisfied customers Continuous improvement: The Company Fuji Xerox always wants to make continuous improvement in all business operations. Integrity and ethics: The Company Fuji Xerox operates at the high level of business ethics. Teamwork: Fuji Xerox always promotes team work and tries to improve team spirit. The major interests for Fuji Xerox Australia are: To share the voices of the stakeholders To identify issues and gaps within the organization To map the boundaries for the material matters 2015 report (Japan) There are 10 major values that have influenced the sustainability report of Fuji Xerox company report in 2015 (Fujixerox 2016). These values emphasize how the company needs to consider the business approach as the society members. It is also sets value for fundamental respect for humanity. These 10 values are such as team spirit, professionalism, scientific thinking, high ethical standards, environmental consciousness as well as customer satisfaction. Other 5 shared values are such as pioneering spirit, joy and fulfillment, trust and consideration, as well as cultural diversity. From this report, it has been found that business goal of the company is to develop mutual trust and develop diverse cultures. The company tries to develop an environment where customers can develop and efficiently utilize knowledge. The major aim of the company is to enable every employee to achieve personal and professional goals (Tricker 2015). It has been found that economic globalization continues to adv ance with the growth of information technology. Harford, Mansi and Maxwell (2012) stated that, the society is facing challenges recently, which are more complex in nature. There are many social issues that require immediate actions. For this reason, the company has developed missions in order to solve management problems for each customer by building an environment for the creation and effective utilization of knowledge. 2014-15comparison (in relation to the G4 GRI Guidelines) Stakeholder engagement mechanism (2014) Stakeholders Inform Consult Involve Collaborate Empower Employees The company provides them annual sustainability report and develops appropriate corporate communications. In addition, online training modules are also provided during the during the induction period (Fujixerox 2016). The company conducts an employment engagement survey annually. The company also has developed health and safety committees in order to take care of employee welfare. The company has developed employee engagement focus groups and also developed a post employee engagement survey. The company has developed an employee engagement working group. An annual workshop has been developed for environmental coordinators. The company has developed inclusivity steering committee to empower all the employees Customers Annual sustainability report is provided to the customers along with web development plans and environmental brochures. The company has developed bi-annual customer survey, win/ loss review, presentation for sustainability and an annual materiality process (Fujixerox 2016). Develop a round table meeting with customers. The company uses social media to develop more intense interaction with customers (Fujixerox 2016). The company has implemented innovation for product and solutions. For example sustainability on site centers. Dealers Only annual sustainability report is provided to dealers. The company has developed a survey for dealer sustainability program. The company has developed sustainability champion conference for the dealers. The company has developed dealers sustainability champions workshop and networks. Suppliers Procurement policies, sustainability code of conduct for suppliers, annual sustainability report. In addition, a separate supplier portal is also provided for the suppliers in the company website. Input for annual materiality process The company has developed a strategic procurement events The company has developed strategic supplier quarterly review. Community Annual sustainability report Input for annual materiality process The company has developed effective community programs and skilled volunteering, ABCN partnerships, graduate projects Stakeholder engagement mechanism (2015) Stakeholders Activities Customers 1. The company is trying to produce services and solutions irrespective of the information use and communication. 2. The company supports customers business continuity. 3. The company provides high quality and safe service to customers to improve customer loyalty. Employees 1. The company is trying to develop an environment where a diverse workforce can work together for organizational objectives. 2. The company tries to develop skilled and talented human resources who can be empowered. Global environment 1. The company is trying to reduce CO2 emission throughout the lifecycle of the product. 2. Influence customers to reduce CO2 emission 3. Responsible procurement of paper Suppliers 1. The company has implemented CSR at the manufacturing sites that can help to increase competitiveness. 2. The company is trying to expand and enhance the ethical procurement the can help to improve competitiveness of the organization. Local communities 1. The company has made contributions for the education of the future generation 2. The company has provided support for the Great East Japan Earthquake Shareholders and investors 1. Appropriate corporate governance 2. Security of information 3. Fair business practices 4. Respecting human rights Part C: Conclusion and recommendations Wesfarmers Wesfarmers is the company that strongly believes to deliver satisfactory return for its shareholders. The company does not only focus on improving financial performance. It also focuses on five key sustainability aspects. They are like people, energy consumption, carbon emission, economic contribution, governance, community support and economic contribution. It has been found that this approach is consistently related with the Government Reporting Initiative (GRI). It has been found that the company is has taken various initiatives to improve corporate and social responsibilities of the company. For example, the company has decreased the usage of water and reduces the emission of CO2. In addition, the company has decreased waste generation and increased waste disposal. However, the company has issues related with community investment and dust management. Recommendations The company has to increase direct and indirect investment for the community in order to improve CSR activity. The company needs to implement new technologies in order manage dust form the mines in appropriate manner and reduce making nuisance for the neighbors. Fuji Xerox The company always tries to develop an open, respectful and safe working environment that both diverse and flexible (Fujixerox 2016). It also provides the opportunity for both personal and professional growth. There are 10 major values that have affected the corporate governance and CSR of the company Fuji Xerox. These 10 values are such as scientific thinking, professionalism, team spirit, high ethical standards, environmental consciousness as well as customer satisfaction. It has been found that the company has taken various initiatives to reduce forced labor and child labor. Recommendations The company has to take initiatives to take care of the environmental issues: The company has to implement enhanced technologies in order to reduce CO2 emission The company has to develop policies to reduce waste emission. Part D: Reflective journal of personal development This assignment helps me to develop my personal knowledge related CSR and corporate governance. There are some major reasons for which a company needs to increase investment on corporate governance. They are such as role of government, demand of better disclosure, increasing interest of customers; deal with investors pressure, competitive labor market and relationship with suppliers. I come to know that the Australian government mainly relies on regulation and legislation to deal with environmental and social issues in business sector. However due to shrinkage of resources and due to distrust of regulations that leads companies to voluntary and non-regulatory initiatives instead. I also come know that due to the growing demand for corporate disclosure from suppliers, stakeholders, communities and employees and activist organization, companies have to take initiatives to improve CSR and sustainable development. I have come to understand that there are three theoretical approaches related with CSR. They are such as theory of CSR, Triple bottom line approach and stakeholder theory. I come to understand that CSR is combined with four obligations. They are philanthropic responsibility, ethical responsibility, legal responsibility as well as economic responsibility. I come to understand that presently investors are changing their methods to assess the performance of companies. They take decisions depending on various criteria that include ethical concerns. From a survey analysis it has been found that 25% of the investors all over the world take care of the ethical considerations while buying and selling stocks of a company. For this reason, a company needs to invest more on corporate social responsibility. Currently I am situating in the managerial position of a multinational company. I have come to understand that environmental, social and governance issues related with CSR have been increasing in recent years. As a manager, I have to take care of these issues and I have to develop friendly environment within the company so that we can attract talented and skilled employees. 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